List of musical instruments by Hornbostel-Sachs number: 321.22
This is a list of instruments by Hornbostel-Sachs number, covering those instruments that are classified under 321.22 under that system. These instruments may be known as bowl lyres.
- 3: Instruments in which sound is produced by one or more vibrating strings (chordophones, string instruments)
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- 32: Instruments in which the resonator and string bearer are physically united and can not be separated without destroying the instrument
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- 321: Instruments in which the strings run in a plane parallel to the sound table
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- 321.2: Instruments in which the string is attached to a yoke that consists of a cross-bar and two arms, with the yoke laying in the same plane as the sound-table (yoke lutes, yoke lyres)
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- 321.22: Instruments in which the resonator is a built-up wooden box
These instruments may be classified with a suffix, based on how the strings are caused to vibrate.
- 4: Hammers or beaters
- 5: Bare hands and fingers
- 6: Plectrum
- 7: Bowing
- 71: Using a bow
- 72: Using a wheel
- 73: Using a ribbon
- 8: Keyboard
- 9: Using a mechanical drive
List
| Instrument |
Tradition |
Complete classification |
Description |
crwth[1]
|
Wales |
321.22 |
Six-stringed instrument with a flat fingerboard, fretless |
kinnor[2]
David's harp |
Israel |
321.22 |
Biblically-described historic instrument, probably a cithara; in modern Hebrew, refers to the violin |
lyra[3]
|
Crete |
321.21 |
Three-stringed fretted, pear-shaped instrument with a hollow body and a vaulted back, propped up on the knee |
talharpa [4]
|
Swedish Estonia |
321.22-71 |
Bowed lyre with no fingerboard |
References
- von Hornbostel, Erich M.; Curt Sachs (March 1961). "Classification of Musical Instruments: Translated from the Original German by Anthony Baines and Klaus P. Wachsmann". The Galpin Society Journal (The Galpin Society Journal, Vol. 14) 14: 3–29. doi:10.2307/842168. JSTOR 842168.
Notes
- ^ Edgerly, Beatrice (1942). From the Hunter's Bow: The History and Romance of Musical Instruments. G.P. Putnam's Sons.
- ^ "David's Harp". Dolmetsch Online. http://www.dolmetsch.com/defsd.htm. Retrieved December 21, 2007. "In Hebrew kinnor, also known as David's harp, is the national instrument of Israel."
- ^ Dawes, Kevin (October 2003). "Lyres and the body politic: studying musical instruments in the Cretan musical landscape". Popular Music and Society 26.3 (21): 263. "The island's "national" instrument, the lyra has become emblematic of the struggle that many Cretans experience in their attempt to retain a sense of a local identity."
- ^ Andersson, Otto (August 1970). "The Bowed Harp of Trondheim Cathedral and Related Instruments in East and West". The Galpin Society Journal (The Galpin Society Journal, Vol. 23) 23: 4–34. doi:10.2307/842060. JSTOR 842060.